Chapter One

Sovereignty of the People of Rwanda and Supremacy of the Constitution

Articles 1 – 3

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Article 1Source of national sovereignty

(1)

All power emanates from the people of Rwanda and is exercised in accordance with this Constitution.

(2)

No individual or group of people may arrogate to themselves the exercise of power.

(3)

National sovereignty belongs to the people of Rwanda who themselves exercise it through referendum, ordinary elections or their representatives.

Article 2Suffrage

(1)

Suffrage is universal and equal for all Rwandans.

(2)

All Rwandans, both women and men, fulfilling the requirements provided for by law, have the right to vote and to be elected.

(3)

Suffrage is direct or indirect, and secret, unless this Constitution or other laws provide otherwise.

(4)

An organic law governing elections determines conditions and modalities for conducting elections.

Article 3Supremacy of the Constitution

(1)

The Constitution is the supreme law of the country.

(2)

A law, a decision or an act contrary to this Constitution is without effect.

Source: Rwanda Law Reform Commission — rlrc.gov.rw. Reproduced for education; not an official government publication or legal advice.